細胞科学と治療のジャーナル
オープンアクセス

概要

Comparison of Characteristics of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Obtained Mechanically and Enzymatically from Placenta and Umbilical Cord

Ekaterina Semenova, Eugeniusz K Machaj and Tomasz Oldak

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are a good source for the cell therapy thanks to their abilities. MSCs exert very important immunomodulatory effects: they suppress T- and B-cell proliferation and natural killer cell function, and they also limit the expression of the Major Histocompatibility Complex II. Placenta and umbilical cord are the most convenient sources of MSCs, which do not entail ethical problems. Additionally, placental delivery and isolation of umbilical cord is not connected with a difficult or invasive method. MSCs from Wharton’s jelly and placenta (the amnion, the chorion, the villi, the Decidua basalis) were isolated with the protocol: mechanically and enzymatically (collagenase digestion). The proliferation potential was evaluated with a PDT analysis. For multi-differentiation of MSCs, cells were incubated in different differentiation media for 2-3 weeks at 37°C in an atmosphere with 5% CO2 and 90% humidity.

We successfully isolated MSCs from placenta and umbilical cord. Mechanical isolation was possible for all types of tissues. In the case of enzymatic digestion of the umbilical cord, we were able to obtain MSCs in a limited number only, insufficient for further analysis.

All the isolated MSCs had typical fibroblastic morphology, expressed cell-surface markers (CD73, CD90, CD105), did not express hematopoietic and endothelial markers and differentiated into osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes, which is a set of possibilities recommended by the International Society of Cell Therapy. We didn’t notice significant differences in morphology or differentiation between cells due to tissue of origin and method of isolation. Both: collagenase digestion and mechanical cutting resulted in high amount of cells harvested, but usage of enzyme makes this process faster.