政治学と広報ジャーナル
オープンアクセス

概要

新型コロナウイルス感染症と国際秩序

イラジ・ラウドガー

コロナウイルスの感染拡大、特に米国での多数の死者の発生を受けて、世界秩序システムの変化に関する論文が数多く発表され、新たな国際秩序の台頭を目撃することになるでしょう。本論文は、コロナウイルスのパンデミックが国際秩序の変化に果たす役割について、草稿として論じています。

1945年以来、米国は国際秩序として世界的利益を追求してきました。この間、新しい大国の台頭や、エネルギー分野へのサイバー攻撃、核兵器計画、国際テロ、気候変動、新型コロナウイルスのパンデミックなどの新たな世界的脅威が国際システムに圧力をかけています。コロナウイルスの発生源は現時点では不明ですが、調査が開始されています。噂はさまざまですが、中国人が従来とは異なる動物資源を使用しているとか、町のボーイフレンドと連絡を取っていた少女研究員が研究過程でウイルスがテストから漏れたとか、微生物による攻撃、関税政策への反応など、ウイルスのさらなる拡散を抑制し防止するためにあらゆる努力を払う必要がありますが、私たちのコミュニティではそれが適切に行われていないこともあります。

コロナウイルスの蔓延、特に米国での多数の死者の発生後、世界秩序システムの変化に関する多くの記事が発表され、私たちは新しい国際秩序の台頭を目撃することになるだろう。コロナウイルスは世界の権力階層の変化を引き起こす可能性があるが、現在の世界秩序がコロナウイルスのパンデミック後に変化するという確実な証拠はまだない。コロナ後のこれらの変化は、国際社会に中国への不信感を抱かせ、同国の経済成長に問題を引き起こすだろう。コロナウイルスのパンデミックは、ポストコロナの世界において、世界保健機関などの国際機関の常任代表部や世界システムの政治経済にも変化をもたらす可能性がある。

A comparison between China and US in reaction on the coronavirus crisis shows that authority government policy better than democracy which worked in overcome on the pandemic. The policy allowed Chinese officials are only letting people leave their homes every 2 days and have forbidden weddings and funerals in Wuhan for a long time to control the spreading the virus such in the democratic countries impossible due individual freedom and so on. China policy capacities also can use censorship to disseminate such statistics, researches, and any hospitality reaction against the virus to prevent the free flow of information. It is a matter of restoring the power of the will of the state over the nation, which democracies are unable to achieve under the heading of individual and social freedom restrictions.

Meanwhile, in democracies, only the people's understanding of the depth of the social crisis can lead society to a common action, which was ignored in the early days of the Coronavirus outbreak in many countries. The role of policymakers, someone who did not believe in the spread of coronary artery disease and strength, and considered it similar to the flu, added to the increase in casualties. The denials of the power of killing by Coronavirus and its resemblance to a Flu by some policymakers, to be harmed the unpreparedness of the people against the epidemic have led to the deaths and deaths of many people in different countries. However, presenting false statistics on Coronavirus casualties has made it difficult to make initial estimates of Coronavirus killing power.

In this tumultuous massacre of Corona, which has kept all Media outlets under constant scrutiny, academic political debates have revolved around the world order. These topics are similar to historical topics focused on the fall of old power and the emergence of new power - the fall and rise of empire. The central of the debates is the transfer of world order from the United States to China. Advocators argue that a huge number of deaths in America and penetration of the virus into the military sections, the collapse of the stock market, and the lack of adequate facilities to treat coronavirus patients that evidences of inefficiency and as a result of the fall of the international order changing. But there is a forgotten issue that China government have increased the death toll by hiding the timely announcement and failing to provide accurate information about the rapid spread of the virus and the unpreparedness of most countries' health systems to deal with the unknown virus quickly were the cause of huge numbers of deaths. The administrative divisions of China has never clearly articulated a coherent version of their strategy in front of the world, it’s symbolic of their political behavioral intention. For the fall and rise of empire forecasts, we need a review on the structure of the United States as a general perspective.

The geographical location, politics, economics, and cultural dimensions in the history of the United States are distinct from each other country in the world. The United States has special geopolitical location over the world. It is located between two major and important oceans Pacific and Atlantic, making it virtually impossible to launch ground attacks and naval sieges. While China's geographical location makes it vulnerable to naval siege. The United States is surrounded by oceans and neighbors, mostly of who are friends and allies of the country. Meanwhile, China has territorial disputes with Boronia, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam particular in the South China Sea, and territorial problem issues with Taiwan, the democracy movement in Hong Kong, and brutal crackdown on the Uighur Muslim minority. The United States has great allies in Europe and many alliances and partnerships in Asia-Pacific in neighboring China. China is dependent on energy imports from the Persian Gulf and the Indian Ocean while the United States does not energy import from those areas but also from any country.

The United States has become self-sufficient in energy production and considers itself needless to import. In addition, the United States made up of 50 states, with gross domestic product of one of the state alone is above the many country of the world. For example, California's economy is now the 5th-biggest in the world, and has overtaken the United Kingdom. The United States is at the forefront of uncompromising innovation in information and key communication technology and industrial production, while the Chinese at best situation is a successful copycat. In terms of political structure, the United States is a democratic country that adheres to individual and social freedoms and cultural diversity which provides the highest attraction for the migration of talented, elites, and investors.

In the international community, it’s possible the United States will have the largest casualties in the Corona Pandemic attacks. Obviously, the virus will have a profound effect on the growth of the US economy and, of course, on the global economy, but that will not mean a shift in the international order. Diplomatic, economic and military capabilities of the United States, along three-dimensional typology such as willingness to pay the costs, geographic locus, and willingness to use military force will allow military intervention by this country in order to secure American global interests in the international system.

これは、中国やロシアのような新興大国が欠いており、またできない、権力ゲームにおける優れた要素です。しかし、この現在の状況とウイルスの影響によって引き起こされた初期の混乱は、世界秩序の変化を意味するものではなく、米国は引き続きその地位を維持するでしょう。しかし、コロナウイルスの拡散とこれに関する情報管理と検閲における中国の怠慢、およびウイルスとの戦いにおける偽造ツールと機器の輸出は、国際社会の信頼を低下させる可能性が高いです。COVID-19に関連する不正確な情報に関連する中国の一連の行動は、国の文化と観光交流の分野での国の信頼性を低下させ、国の経済成長を低下させる可能性もあります。