化学工学およびプロセス技術ジャーナル
オープンアクセス

概要

Enzyme Technology for Drug Discovery

Keerthi P*, Lathif A.K, Nesaghi Amuthavel

Enzymes are biochemical catalysts that facilitate chemical reactions under Physiological conditions. Currently enzymes are being employed in industrial biotechnology for numerous purposes for the production of novel and sustainable products at a speedy rate. Enzyme technology is the change of an enzyme's structure or catalytic activity in order to produce new metabolites or participate in new reaction pathways. Simultaneously, significant technical advancements are encouraging the chemical and pharmaceutical sectors to embrace enzyme technology, a movement fueled by worries about health, energy, raw resources, and the environment. The therapeutic and financial success of small-molecule enzyme inhibitors, such as kinase inhibitors in oncology, enzyme targets are a key focus of contemporary drug research and development activities. Understanding the progression of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction can aid in conceptualizing different types of inhibitors and informing the design of screens to uncover desired pathways. Similarly, much of the current drug discovery and development work is focused on identifying and developing therapeutic candidates that act by inhibiting specific enzyme targets. The high levels of illness association and drag ability that characterize this family of proteins make enzymes appealing as drug development targets. The current practices and future directions in drug discovery enzymology in this expert opinion, with an emphasis on how a detailed understanding of the catalytic mechanism of specific enzyme can be used to identify and optimize small-molecule compounds that interact with conformationally distinct forms of the enzyme, resulting in high potency, high selectivity inhibitors. This review highlights the classical concepts of Enzyme technology and opens new routes for drug discovery.