遺伝子工学の進歩
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概要

For the preservation of genome stability, there is an interaction between DNA replication stress, chromatin dynamics, and DNA-damage response

Madolaop medini

DNA replication is a highly controlled process in eukaryotic cycling cells that is required for the correct and accurate duplication of the entire genome. Individual replication origins initiate bidirectional replication forks, which each involve "licencing" prior to S-phase entry, which is accomplished by a combination of replication initiation proteins that help chromatin preparation for replication. DNA replication stress is caused by disruptions in DNA replication progression and the resulting development of stalled replication forks, which can compromise genome stability. Replication fork stalling can be resolved by fork resumption processes during S-phase progression, resulting in a coordinated replication checkpoint. If a fork cannot be restarted or rescued, it will become inactive and eventually fail. Fork recovery is dependent on the existence of the impediment, and failures in this process can result in chromosomal instability and oncogene activation, which can lead to cancer.