ISSN: 2471-9315
Mesele Admassie*, Fassil Assefa, Tesefaye Alemu
Over 100 trillion symbiotic microorganisms live on and within human beings and have a diverse function in
human health and disease. But there are a variety of environmental and other factors that affect intestinal microbial
dysbiosis, which has a close relationship with human health and disease. The pathogen microbes colonize intestinal
mucosa this leading in the induction of a strong inflammatory response, followed by the translocation of the
intestinal bacteria into other parts of the body. The imbalance of intestinal microbiota influences the production
of immune mediators and stimulates both chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. The wall of the bowel
is highly permeable, and this leads to bacteria and/or endotoxin translocation, and it is an important stimulus for
inflammatory cytokine that causes chronic heart failure. The variations of the microbiota are directly associated
with the pathogenesis of other diseases, such as food allergies, severe asthma, autism, and depressive disorder. If
the gut bacteria are maintained properly, they have varieties of benefits to the host, for example, regulation of gut
motility, vitamin production, metabolizing xenobiotic substances, mineral absorption, removing toxins, genotoxins,
and mutagens. Therefore, the aim of this review is to offers an up-to-date understanding of the effect of gut bacteria
on human health and diseases.