地理ジャーナルと自然災害
オープンアクセス

概要

Systematic Review of Community-Based Adaptive and Coping Strategies to Emerging Covariate Shocks and Stresses in the Kenyan Fisheries and Aquaculture Sub-Sectors

Silas Ochieng, Erick Ogello Kevin Obiero, Maureen Cheserek

The significance of fisheries and aquaculture sectors in contributing to global food security is undeniable, albeit threats from emerging shocks. This article delves into the vulnerabilities of these sectors, examining the impacts of climate change, environmental pollution, the COVID-19 pandemic, and national geopolitical instability. Climate change has led to reduced incomes, increased prevalence of diseases, exacerbated food insecurity, and substantial damage to fishery infrastructure. To address these impacts, communities have adopted strategies such as; diversifying livelihoods, integrating indigenous knowledge with scientific approaches, developing climate-resilient aquaculture species, use of early warning systems, and adoption of cage aquaculture and insurance schemes to alleviate pressure on natural water bodies and mitigate economic losses. Environmental pollution has led to decreased fish productivity, loss of marine life, economic downturns, and declines in tourism. The use of Beach Management Units (BMUs) to train and raise awareness, and community engagement in beach cleaning initiatives have been undertaken to foster attitudes favoring environmental conservation. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted to lower fish prices, restricted access to essential inputs, decreased fish consumption, and heightened unemployment. Community-based market linkages, establishment of community fish seed and input banks, the introduction of precision aquaculture technologies and the strengthening of local food systems have emerged as critical responses. Furthermore, national geopolitical instability has affected market access, inflated fish prices, increased production costs, and diminished incomes. Adaptation strategies include diversifying aquaculture systems, enhancing governance through transparent policies, investing in community-based training, implementing short-term genetic improvement programs, and fostering collaborative research initiatives. It is imperative for policy makers and stakeholders to prioritize the implementation of these strategies to ensure sustainability of the sectors