ナノ医療および生物療法発見ジャーナル
オープンアクセス

概要

生体模倣ナノ粒子の力

ダミー・オショディ

抽象的な

多くの医療専門家は、ナノ医療について、またそれが医療行為をどのように変えることができるかについて知りません。多くの人は、ナノテクノロジーの基本や、薬剤送達を改善する革新的なナノ材料について学ぶ機会がありません。この入門書の目的は、生体模倣ナノ粒子について紹介し、その機能とナノ医療の実践をどのように改善しているかについて基本的な理解を提供することです。生体模倣ナノ粒子の有用性と特性、これらの詳細を制御し、特に炎症反応を引き起こす疾患におけるナノ粒子の薬剤送達機能を向上させる方法について理解します。この入門書では、ナノ粒子の進化についても検討します。たとえば、ナノ粒子に対する免疫反応の減少、標的効率の向上、内皮単層および腫瘍細胞への浸透の容易化などです。医療サービスの専門家はバイオミメティクスの可能性に精通しているので、メンバーはさまざまな参加者と直感的な演習に参加して材料を設定することができます。

日常の材料とプロセス

ナノテクノロジーの多くの利点は、特定の特性を実現するために材料の構造を極めて小さなスケールで調整できるという事実に依存しており、これにより材料科学のツールキットが大幅に拡張されます。ナノテクノロジーを使用すると、材料をより強く、より軽く、より耐久性があり、より反応性が高く、よりふるいに似た、またはより優れた電気伝導体など、さまざまな特性を効果的に実現できます。現在、ナノスケールの材料とプロセスに依存した多くの日常的な商用製品が市場に出回っており、日常的に使用されています。

繊維にナノスケールの添加物や表面処理を施すことで、肌に直接軽い弾道エネルギーをリダイレクトしたり、しわや変色、細菌の増殖を防いだりすることができます。 透明なナノスケールのフィルムを眼鏡、PC やカメラのプレゼンテーション、窓、その他の表面に貼ることで、撥水性や防汚性、反射防止性、セルフクリーニング性、明るい光や赤外線を通さない性、曇り止め性、抗菌性、傷防止性、導電性などの機能を実現できます。 ナノスケールの材料は、健康監視、太陽光エネルギーの捕捉、および成長によるエネルギー収穫の機能を備えた柔軟なナノスケールのセンサーやデバイスを備えた、洗濯可能で丈夫な「スマート素材」を可能にし始めています。 Lightweighting of vehicles, trucks, planes, boats, and space art could prompt huge fuel investment funds. Nanoscale added substances in polymer composite materials are being utilized in homerun sticks, tennis rackets, bikes, cruiser head protectors, car parts, baggage, and force instrument lodgings, making them lightweight, hardened, tough, and strong. Carbon nanotube sheets are currently being delivered for use in cutting edge air vehicles. For instance, the mix of light weight and conductivity makes them ideal for applications, for example, electromagnetic protecting and warm administration. Nano-bioengineering of compounds is expecting to empower change of cellulose from wood chips, corn stalks, unfertilized enduring grasses, and so forth, into ethanol for fuel. Cellulosic nanomaterials have shown expected applications in a wide cluster of modern areas, including gadgets, development, bundling, food, energy, medical services, car, and safeguard. Cellulosic nanomaterials are extended to be more affordable than numerous different nanomaterials and, among different attributes, promote an amazing solidarity to-weight proportion. Nano-designed materials in car items incorporate high-power battery-powered battery frameworks; thermoelectric materials for temperature control; tires with lower moving opposition; high-proficiency/minimal effort sensors and gadgets; slim film keen sun oriented boards; and fuel added substances for cleaner fumes and broadened range. Nanostructured artistic coatings display a lot more noteworthy strength than traditional wear-safe coatings for machine parts. Nanotechnology-empowered ointments and motor oils additionally essentially lessen mileage, which can fundamentally expand the lifetimes of moving parts in everything from power instruments to mechanical hardware. Nanoparticles are utilized progressively in catalysis to support synthetic responses. This decreases the amount of reactant materials important to deliver wanted outcomes, setting aside cash and lessening poisons. Two major applications are in oil refining and in car exhaust systems. Nano-designed materials make unrivaled family items, for example, degreasers and stain removers; ecological sensors, air purifiers, and channels; antibacterial chemicals; and specific paints and fixing items, such a self-cleaning house paints that oppose soil and checks. Nanoscale materials are additionally being consolidated into an assortment of individual consideration items to improve execution. Nanoscale titanium dioxide and zinc oxide have been utilized for quite a long time in sunscreen to give insurance from the sun while seeming undetectable on the skin

Electronics and IT Applications

Nanotechnology has greatly contributed to major advances in computing and electronics, leading to faster, smaller, and more portable systems that can manage and store larger and larger amounts of information. These continuously evolving applications include:

Transistors, the fundamental switches that empower all cutting edge figuring, have gotten more modest and more modest through nanotechnology. When the new century rolled over, an ordinary semiconductor was 130 to 250 nanometers in size. In 2014, Intel made a 14 nanometer semiconductor, at that point IBM made the initial seven nanometer semi-conductors in 2015, and afterward Lawrence Berkeley National Lab exhibited a one nanometer semiconductor in 2016! More modest, quicker, and better semiconductors may imply that soon your PC's whole memory might be put away on a solitary small chip.

Using magnetic random access memory (MRAM), PCs will have the option "for sure" quickly. MRAM is empowered by nanometer�?�scale attractive passage intersections and can rapidly and adequately spare information during a framework closure or empower resume�?�play highlights.

Ultra-top quality presentations and TVs are currently being sold that utilization quantum dabs to create more lively tones while being more energy proficient

Medical and Healthcare Applications

Nanotechnology is already broadening the medical tools, knowledge, and therapies currently available to clinicians. Nanomedicine, the application of nanotechnology in medicine, draws on the natural scale of biological phenomena to produce precise solutions for disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Below are some examples of recent advances in this area:

•           Commercial applications have adjusted gold nanoparticles as tests for the location of focused groupings of nucleic acids, and gold nanoparticles are additionally being clinically examined as expected therapies for malignancy and different infections.

•           Better imaging and demonstrative apparatuses empowered by nanotechnology are preparing for prior determination, more individualized treatment choices, and better restorative achievement rates.

Energy Applications

Nanotechnology is finding application in traditional energy sources and is greatly enhancing alternative energy approaches to help meet the world’s increasing energy demands. Many scientists are looking into ways to develop clean, affordable, and renewable energy sources, along with means to reduce energy consumption and lessen toxicity burdens on the environment:

•           Nanotechnology is improving the effectiveness of fuel creation from crude oil materials through better catalysis. It is likewise empowering diminished fuel utilization in vehicles and force plants through higher-proficiency burning and diminished contact.

•           Nanotechnology is additionally being applied to oil and gas extraction through, for instance, the utilization of nanotechnology-empowered gas lift valves in seaward activities or the utilization of nanoparticles to identify infinitesimal down-well oil pipeline breaks.

•           Researchers are exploring carbon nanotube "scrubbers" and layers to isolate carbon dioxide from power plant exhaust.

結論と意義: 多くの医療専門家は、ナノ医療やこの分野における新たな進歩を認識していません。標的薬物送達システムとしてのバイオミメティクスの基本を理解することで、参加者のナノ医療実践に関する知識が高まり、専門家に患者ケアを向上させるツールを提供できます。