遺伝子工学の進歩
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概要

The Role of DNA Replication in Biology

James Williams

DNA replication begins while DNA helicase binds to the origin of replication (ORI) in DNA. DNA helicase unwinds and unzips the DNA double helix by way of breaking hydrogen bonds between complementary bases. When the two DNA strands separate, a replication bubble is formed with 2 replication forks. One of the strands is synthesised continuously at the same time as the other is synthesised discontinuously in the form of Okazaki fragments. Single stranded DNA binding proteins bind to each of the DNA strands to prevent the complementary strands from renaturing. In view those DNA polymerases III can handiest add loose deribonucleoside triphosphates to a free 3’ OH stop of an already present polynucleotide chain, an RNA primer is synthesised by means of DNA primase. DNA polymerase III has three capabilities.